The territorial impact of the COVID-19 crisis

Around the world, 4.2% and 4.1% of the population had been partially or fully vaccinated, respectively. As of, 12% of the population in OECD countries had been partially vaccinated and 15.8% fully vaccinated, compared to 2.5% and 1.6% in developing countries. Yet, they present a significant logistical challenge in all countries and carry significant territorial and multi-level governance implications. Vaccination campaigns began in December 2020 and were amplified in the first quarter of 2021. Vaccinating the global population against COVID-19 is the only long-term strategy to contain the coronavirus crisis (WHO, 2021). This need for flexibility and adaptability is leading governments to reconsider their multi-level governance systems and reassess their regional development priorities. Instead, governments must act on all fronts simultaneously and in synchrony. National, regional, and local governments find they cannot count on following a straight or linear course of policy action to manage, exit and recover from the crisis. With the onset of new waves of infection in many countries since mid-2020 and the emergence of variants, governments are confronted to the limited ability to sequence policy action. The COVID-19 pandemic is requiring all levels of government to act in a context of great uncertainty and under heavy economic, fiscal and social pressure.

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